What is a foodborne illness?

A foodborne illness is specifically defined as an illness that results from the ingestion of food contaminated with harmful bacteria, viruses, parasites, or chemical substances. This definition is encapsulated in the correct answer, which emphasizes the role of contaminated food as the primary cause of these illnesses.

Contamination can occur at various points in the food production process, including during handling, preparation, or cooking, and can lead to a range of symptoms that can significantly impact health. Understanding this aspect of food safety is crucial for preventing outbreaks and ensuring public health.

The other options, while related to food and health, do not accurately describe foodborne illness. Malnutrition refers to a lack of proper nutrition rather than illness caused by contaminated food. Improper cooking techniques can lead to foodborne illnesses, but they are not the sole definition of it. Similarly, food allergies are immune system reactions to specific food proteins and are not classified under foodborne illnesses, which arise from pathogens or contaminants rather than allergic reactions.