What is an allergen?

An allergen is a substance that can trigger an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals. Those who have allergies may have immune systems that overreact to certain proteins found in foods, leading to symptoms that can range from mild to severe. Common food allergens include nuts, shellfish, dairy, and gluten, among others.

Understanding allergens is crucial in food safety, especially for those who are responsible for preparing, serving, or packaging food, as even trace amounts of an allergen can provoke a serious reaction in someone who is allergic to it. The other choices do not accurately define an allergen. Food that is always safe to eat does not take into account individual allergies. Chemicals used to enhance flavor or preservatives are not related to allergies and managing dietary safety.